The 2008 Symposium CD set is available for purchase.
	DISC 1: Overview of Probiotics Gary Elmer, PhD Professor Emeritus University of Washington, Seattle, Washington Review probiotics, including defining and naming major probiotic species and their characteristics.
	DISC 2: Probiotic Mechanisms of Action Charalabos Pothoulakis, MD Director, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center Division of Digestive Disease David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California Ascertain mechanisms of action through which probiotics confer health effects.
	DISC 3: Probiotics and Necrotizing Enterocolitis Maria M. Olivia-Hemker, MD Chief, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Examine the importance of intestinal microbial colonization during infancy, its role in necrotizing enterocolitis, and clinical research showing specific probiotics that reduce the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis.
	DISC 4: Probiotics and Anxiety and Mood Disorders: Discovering Our Body's Ancient Tool for New Problems Martin A. Katzman, BSc, MD, FRCPC Clinic Director: START (Stress, Trauma, Anxiety, Rehabilitation, and Treatment) Clinic for Mood and Anxiety Disorders, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Discover the possible role of gastrointestinal microflora disruptions in anxiety and depressive mood disorders and the potential use of probiotics as an adjuvant therapy.
	DISC 5: Probiotic Effects on Stool Microbial Populations Measured by DNA Probes Richard S. Lord, PhD Chief Science Officer Metametrix Institute, Duluth, Georgia Study principles of assessing gastrointestinal microflora and gastrointestinal dysbiosis and guiding probiotic and prebiotic intervention by inspecting full-spectrum stool microbe population changes using PCR and DNA probes.
	DISC 6: Probiotics and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Charalabos Pothoulakis, MD Director, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center Division of Digestive Disease David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California Review evidence supporting the use of probiotics in inflammatory bowel disease and their cellular and molecular mechanisms of action.
	DISC 7: Digestive Enzymes and Celiac Disease Gary Gray, MD Professor Emeritus Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California Analyze the use of digestive enzymes, specifically proteases with dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity, in the management of celiac disease and gluten sensitivity.
	DISC 8: Prebiotics for the Modification of Gastrointestinal Biofilm Sandra Macfarlane, PhD Dundee University Gut Group Division of Pathology and Neuroscience Dundee University, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, Scotland Understand biofilm and its role in microbial communities and pathology and how prebiotics and synbiotics can be used to modify biofilm thereby altering the composition and metabolic activities of the gastrointestinal microbiota.
	DISC 9: Women’s Health, Genitourinary Applications Andrew Bruce, MD Emeritus Professor of Urology University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Learn how alternations in the normal urogenital microflora contribute to recurrent urinary tract infections, vaginitis, and vaginal dysbiosis; understanding the role that select probiotic strains may play in preventing their occurrence.
	DISC 10: Obesity and the Role of Probiotics John Morton, MD, MPH, MHA, FACS Associate Professor of Surgery Department of Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California Discover the role gastrointestinal microflora may play in the pathogenesis of obesity, and understanding how the use of probiotics may contribute to weight loss following bariatric surgery.